Definition

Sinusitis is the inflammation of the air filled nasal cavities in the skull called the sinus. When your sinuses gets blocked inflammation can occur. The blocked sinuses will lead to accumulation of pus and mucous which then becomes a very nutritious ground for bacteria. The most common cause of nasal blockage is nasal polyps, common cold, allergic rhinitis, or deviated septum.

Types of Sinusitis

Acute Sinusitis- This type of sinusitis involves a sudden onset of runny nose, clogged nose, sneezing and facial pain. Acute sinusitis symptoms last from 7 days to 4 weeks.

Sub acute sinusitis- Sinus symptoms which lasts for 4 to 8 weeks

Chronic sinusitis- Sinusitis symptoms which last for 8 weeks or longer

Recurrent sinusitis- Recurrent sinus attacks within a year

Causative factors

Sinusitis can be triggered by several factors including impaired immune system and smoking. Exposure to an environment with bacteria, virus, fungi, dust, and different allergens can also cause inflammation of the sinuses. Even a common cold can cause sinusitis. Polyps which causes nasal blockage can also trigger the onset of sinusitis.

Common Signs and Symptoms

There are different signs and symptoms associated with sinus infection. The most common signs and symptoms are:

1. Throbbing facial pain which is caused by the pressure due to accumulated air and pus in the sinus cavities.

2. Clogged nose with nasal discharges. Nasal discharge which progress from clear to yellowish or greenish discharge is evident in sinusitis. Hearing impairment may also develop as a result of accumulation of mucus in the auditory tube.

3. Impairment in the sense of smell

4. Coughing due to post nasal drip

Sinusitis may also cause fever and fatigue. Sometimes it may also cause dental problems which results to bad breath or halitosis.

Diagnostic Test

The technology used to diagnose a sinus infection is becoming more and more updated and sophisticated. Diagnostic test includes mucus culture, endoscopy of the nose, X-rays, CT scan, blood work ups, and allergy tests.

Physician will also review all the manifesting symptoms and perform a thorough physical assessment before proceeding to any diagnostic test. The physician will usually palpate your sinuses and feel for any signs of tenderness.

Treatment

The effectiveness of the treatment of a sinus infection may vary from person to person. Some sinus sufferers may find utmost relief from prescription medications such as nasal sprays, antibiotics, decongestants, and antihistamines. But these medications may also result to unwanted adverse reactions. Sinus sufferers who are not comfortable with prescription medication may also consider using home remedies such as drinking herbal concoctions and steam inhalation.