Compas is the basic unit of rhythm in Flamenco music. Its name means simply "compass," or "measure." Each compas is a repeating pattern of accented beats, giving the pulse of the rhythm its forward impulsion, as well as its metrical form. Each type of compas has its own pattern. Oft-repeated, the patterns create that vital pulse which is the very heartbeat of Flamenco music, bringing to life its eloquence and passion.

When beginning to learn to play the Flamenco guitar, it is paramount for you to learn this vital element from the very first, mastering the various types of compas. When you accomplish this feat, it will create within you a deep understanding of the rhythmic nature of Flamenco music. Establish an internal sense of the compas, and the guitar will come alive in your hands; ignore it and your music will languish, losing its emotional power.

Because emotional power is so central to Flamenco music, do not seek only to comprehend the mere theory of the beat structure, accents, and patterns of the music. Rather, seek to possess an inner sense of the music, one that transforms into musical expression through the movements of your hands and fingers, making them a vehicle through which flows the energy and momentum of the music. A true aficionado of Flamenco will always recognize your ability to play the compas strictly, unerringly, and with an inner sense in which you become one with the music. Without this strict attention to compas, any Flamenco master will judge your musicianship to be boring, even if you have a flawless technique and rapid fingers.

This internal oneness with these rhythms might come easily to you. More often, though, you may need to constantly focus on these rhythms’ sound and feeling. Perseverance pays big dividends in learning to play in compas. Absorb as much Flamenco music as you can, through concerts, videos, and recordings.

Learn to recognize the various rhythmic forms, called toques, that compose the whole of Flamenco music. Of all the toques, Soleares is the most important. Players must conform strictly to the compas at all times, during both the passages of rhythmic strumming (rasgueo), as well as in the melodic passages (falsetas).

Master two inseparable components, and you will always play in compas. First of all, your rhythm must be regular, compelling--the kind of impetus that compels its listener to move in time to the music. Second, your accentuation of beats and the number of beats that you have in each musical phrase must always fit the characteristic pattern of the particular toque that you are playing. When you have mastered playing in compas, you will be well on your way toward becoming a proficient and passionate Flamenco guitarist.